Skype for Business Server offers two on-premises Enterprise Voice options—Enterprise Voice and Call Via Work—for you to integrate the telephone system …Télécharger et installer Skype Entreprise sur Windows. Skype Entreprise facilite la communication et la collaboration avec des collègues et partenaires professionnels dans le monde entier : Démarrez des conversations par messagerie instantanée et passez des appels vocaux ou vidéo. Voyez quand vos contacts sont disponibles en ligne.Kustannustehokkaita ja yhteistyöhön sopivia työkaluja kaikenkokoisille yrityksille. Tee yhteistyötä kaikkien kanssa paikasta ja laitteesta riippumatta.In the table, click the Skype for Business Online user account that you want to enable for Enterprise Voice. On the Edit menu, click Show Details. Under Telephony, click Enterprise Voice. Click Line URI, and type a unique, normalized phone number (for example, tel:+14255550200 ). Then click Commit. Explore subscription benefits, browse training courses, learn how to secure your device, and more. Microsoft 365 subscription benefits. Microsoft 365 training. Microsoft security. Accessibility center. Training: Get up and running quickly on Skype for Business with this Quick Start. Outbound call routing applies to Enterprise Voice calls that are destined for a public switched telephone network (PSTN) gateway, trunk, or private branch exchange (PBX). When a Skype for Business user places a call, the server normalizes the phone number to E.164 format, if necessary, and attempts to match it to a SIP URI.Outbound call routing applies to Enterprise Voice calls that are destined for a public switched telephone network (PSTN) gateway, trunk, or private branch exchange (PBX). When a Skype for Business user places a call, the server normalizes the phone number to E.164 format, if necessary, and attempts to match it to a SIP URI.Table Of Contents. Install Skype for Business Prerequisites Front End Server. Run the Setup.exe on the Front End Server in your internal Network (Deployment Wizard) Configure DNS. Launching the Topology Builder to create a new SFB Environment (Toplogy) Publishing the Topology. Install the Local Configuration Store and SFB …Find a previous conversation with a specific person. Open Skype for Business, and in your contacts list, right-click the person whose previous conversation you want to view. Click Find Previous Conversations. Outlook opens and displays that contact’s conversations with you in the Conversation History folder. Skype for Business Quick Start. Help for Skype for Business on a mobile device. Video: What is Skype for Business? Video: Download and install Skype for Business. Video: Sign in and out of Skype for Business. Video: Add or change your photo in Skype for Business. Video: Set presence options in Skype for Business. Video: Set up an online meeting ... Feedback. The Skype for Business Server Management Shell provides the command line interface for server administration and management. It is built on Windows PowerShell and includes a comprehensive set of management and administration cmdlets that are specific to Skype and legacy Lync server products. Windows PowerShell allows …Skype for Business Server 2019 does not support Enterprise Edition Front End pools with two Front End Servers, and will not allow the topology to be published in that scenario. Add or remove Front End Servers. When you add a Front End Server to a pool, or remove a Front End Server from a pool, you then need to restart the pool. ...Nov 1, 2023 · Office 365 E3 is a cloud-based suite of productivity apps and services with information protection and compliance capabilities included. Install Microsoft 365 for mobile on up to five PCs or Macs, five tablets, and five phones per user. Protect information with message encryption, rights management, and data loss prevention for email and files.Microsoft 365 Enterprise Licensing Guide | February 2024 P a g e | 5 • Machine Learning-based sensitivity labels and retention1 • Endpoint Data Loss Prevention (DLP)1 • Insider Risk Management2 • Application Guard for Office 3653 • Safe Documents3 • Defender for Endpoint Plan 23 1Requires Microsoft 365 E5, Microsoft E5 Compliance, …Feb 21, 2017 · Microsoft Skype for Business Server 2015 is the full-fledged VoIP platform, with dial-in audio conferencing and other enterprise VoIP features such as E911 and call forwarding. Invite up to 99 people (plus you) and enjoy free video calls using Skype. Best of all, your SkypeLink doesn’t expire and can be used anytime! No sign ups No downloads Calls up to 24 hours each . 1. Generate link. Generate a call link in one simple click. 2. Share.Skype for Business Server 2015 Enterprise Edition is a little more complicated, but the supported list is below (everything is 64-bit edition, you'll notice, please don't use 32-bit editions): Microsoft SQL Server 2019 Enterprise (64-bit edition), and we recommend running with the latest service pack.Set up support for. Skype for Business · Ensure that the following DNS names are added to the DNS server: lyncdiscoverinternal. · Add these FQDN names to the ...As an Enterprise Holdings employee, access the Payroll WorkCenter by logging in using your user name and password at the Automatic Data Processing Payroll WorkCenter Web page.Outbound call routing applies to Enterprise Voice calls that are destined for a public switched telephone network (PSTN) gateway, trunk, or private branch exchange (PBX). When a Skype for Business user places a call, the server normalizes the phone number to E.164 format, if necessary, and attempts to match it to a SIP URI.Oct 4, 2017 ... Wrong SIP for the AAD user is a likely cause. It looks like only Skype for Business uses this as login name. It can be fixed by changing the ...Skype for Business lets you connect with co-workers or business partners in your company or around the world. Start conversations with IM, voice, or video calls. See when your …Protect your organization across attack surfaces with robust security services and solutions. Connect and collaborate with peers and experts in the Microsoft Tech Community and share Microsoft 365 best practices. Learn about the product documentation and resources available for Microsoft 365 for enterprise for IT pros, information workers, and ...Using a browser, navigate to the address displayed on the phone and enter your Skype for Business username. Enter the code shown on the phone. Verify that the site shows " [Phone Manufacturer name] Skype for Business Certified Phone ," and click Continue. Click the user's credentials or click Use another account:What is Skype? Skype is for connecting with the people that matter most in your life and work. It's built for both one-on-one and group conversations and works wherever you are – via mobile, PC and Alexa.Skype messaging and HD voice and video calling will help you share experiences and get things done with others.. With Skype, you can have meetings …Des outils de collaboration efficaces et économiques pour les entreprises de toute taille. Collaborez avec qui vous voulez, partout, à partir de n’importe quel appareil.24 Mar 2020 ... Why pay for Zoom, Go To Meeting, or Join.me? During this COVID-19 lockdown, many businesses that are still open have found it necessary to ...Dec 13, 2018 · Additionally – and this doesn’t go for *every* enterprise, I would say the following: – Not all organizations use Skype either – many use Webex and other products and Skype can be a challenge. – Joining a Teams meeting as a guest, through the web browser (e.g. Edge, Chrome) is a *much easier* experience than it was with Skype for ...May 5, 2018 · Hi Chris, To complete uninstall Skype for Business and remove it from registry, please follow these steps. 1. Sign-out Skype for Business> click Delete my sign-in info. 2. Exit Skype for Business> navigate to C:\Users\<UserName>AppData\Local\Microsoft\Office\16.0\Lync , here you’ll see …Kustannustehokkaita ja yhteistyöhön sopivia työkaluja kaikenkokoisille yrityksille. Tee yhteistyötä kaikkien kanssa paikasta ja laitteesta riippumatta.Kostnadseffektive samarbeidsverktøy for bedrifter i alle størrelser. Samarbeid med hvem som helst, hvor som helst, på hvilken som helst enhet.Skype for Business Server offers instant messaging (IM), presence, conferencing, video, and telephony solutions that can support enterprise-level collaboration requirements. …Jan 23, 2023 · After you have configured basic Enterprise Voice functionality for your organization, you can optionally deploy one or more advanced Enterprise Voice features by following the procedures in this section. Plan for media bypass in Skype for Business. Plan for call admission control in Skype for Business ServerSkype for Business Server can archive conversations to a SQL Server database or to an Exchange Server mailbox. However, Enterprise Vault only supports archiving ... Skype for Business Server 2019, an enterprise ready communications and collaboration platform, brings together a client experience inspired by Skype with enterprise-grade security, compliance, and control. New features in Skype for Business Server 2019 include the following: Unified messaging services: Cloud Voicemail. Beginning in August, Microsoft will provide an assisted upgrade process to help you move any remaining Skype for Business Online users to Teams Only. Teams is available in most Microsoft 365 Business and Enterprise plans, and your existing licensing investments carry forward to Teams. Jan 24, 2023 · For guidance on branch site planning for voice, see Plan for Enterprise Voice resiliency in Skype for Business Server. For interactions with an IP-PBX, if the IP-PBX does not correctly support early media interactions with multiple early dialogs and RFC 3960 interactions, there can be clipping of the first few words of the greeting for incoming ...Jan 24, 2023 · The possible valid value types are as follows: Undefined: IM and Presence Service (Live Communications Server 2005 and 2003) 1: IM and Presence Service (Skype for Business Server) 2: IM and Presence and Meeting Service (Skype for Business Server) New in Office Communications Server 2007. msRTCSIP-PoolType Feb 21, 2017 · Microsoft Skype for Business Server 2015 is the full-fledged VoIP platform, with dial-in audio conferencing and other enterprise VoIP features such as E911 and call forwarding. Skype for Business is the new powerful meeting tool combining the familiar Skype look and feel with the business-grade features of Lync. Find out what's new.At a digital event for commercial customers and partners, we shared an update on how we’re empowering organizations to advance in the new era of work with Microsoft …30 Apr 2018 ... This is a basic video tutorial showing how set up Skype for Business through using your W.D. credentials.Télécharger et installer Skype Entreprise sur Windows. Skype Entreprise facilite la communication et la collaboration avec des collègues et partenaires professionnels dans le monde entier : Démarrez des conversations par messagerie instantanée et passez des appels vocaux ou vidéo. Voyez quand vos contacts sont disponibles en ligne.2 Jun 2023 ... Feature, Skype for Business Standard, Skype for Business Enterprise. Secure peer-to-peer instant messaging, ✓, ✓.29 Mar 2018 ... Enterprise Vault™ Setting up Skype for Business Archiving · Ensuring that the Accelerator products can get the SIP addresses of the Skype for ...Empower a digitally connected workforce. Microsoft 365 is the cloud-first platform for all the ways people work today—whenever, wherever, however. Simply put, it’s a better way to … Explore subscription benefits, browse training courses, learn how to secure your device, and more. Microsoft 365 subscription benefits. Microsoft 365 training. Microsoft security. Accessibility center. Training: Get up and running quickly on Skype for Business with this Quick Start. 4 days ago · The latest 8.x versions (8.28.0.41) seem no longer available as official MSI package. This means enterprise deployment is made impossible as EXE setups cannot deployed via Active Directory GPO deployment. Originally when Skype 8.0 was released it was planed to discontinue the Skype 7 ("Skype Classic") support per 1 th September …Microsoft telephony solutions. Enable users for Phone System with on-premises PSTN connectivity in Skype for Business Server. Enable users for Enterprise …Score 8.1 out of 10. Cisco Meeting Server is a conferencing solution for allowing the user to setup a conference any time using a wide range of Cisco and Jabber devices, and third-party solutions (e.g. Skype for Business) or WebRTC enabled browsers and apps. Higher Rated Features. Online Events Security.It integrates with the Phone System feature that is a part of Microsoft 365 Business and Enterprise plans for PSTN capabilities. Teams can use the Direct Routing method or Calling Plans for using the PSTN services. On the other hand, Skype for Business Online needs Skype for Business Server or Cloud Connector Edition for PSTN capabilities.Choose Run to start the download. Click Yes to confirm. Once the installation is complete, close the installer box and launch Skype for Business. Want more? Install Skype for …Nov 1, 2021 · Both Skype and Microsoft Teams are free to use. The main difference between the two platforms is that Teams has a more complex pricing structure, which offers users more flexibility depending on ...In today’s fast-paced business environment, organizations face a wide range of risks that can impact their operations and bottom line. To effectively mitigate these risks, it is cr...May 22, 2020 · If Microsoft is decommissioning Skype for Business from Office 365 and asking Enterprise to move to Microsoft Teams, they should also allow Enterprise with an option for a seamless removal of the component. Uninstalling the whole Office 365 suite and then re-installing with no Skype will take somewhere around 30 - 40 minutes. Oct 26, 2023 · Skype for Business, formerly Lync 2013, for Android extends the power of Lync and Skype to your favorite mobile device: voice & video over wireless, rich presence, instant messaging, conferencing, and calling features from a single, easy-to-use interface. Key Features: -Initiate a group IM or video conversation and invite additional participants. Services that integrate with Skype for Business Online will not be supported beyond the July 31, 2021 retirement. This includes support for third-party audio conferencing providers (ACP), Skype for Business Online Cloud Connector Edition (CCE), hybrid voice configurations, and Skype Meeting Broadcast. Customers will not be able to move online ...Office LTSC 2021 is available for enterprise admins to download and deploy to the users in their organization. ... PowerPoint, Publisher, Skype for Business, Teams, and Word. Access and Publisher aren't available for devices running macOS. Office LTSC 2021 includes the OneNote desktop app. For more information, see Deployment guide ...Jul 30, 2019 · Today Microsoft announced that Skype for Business Online will be retiring on July 31, 2021. Though we didn’t know the exact date until today, we have been preparing for this for the past year and are ready to support you however we can as we work together to help you make this transition. We knew this was coming, we have been preparing for ...As an Enterprise Holdings employee, access the Payroll WorkCenter by logging in using your user name and password at the Automatic Data Processing Payroll WorkCenter Web page.4 days ago · The latest 8.x versions (8.28.0.41) seem no longer available as official MSI package. This means enterprise deployment is made impossible as EXE setups cannot deployed via Active Directory GPO deployment. Originally when Skype 8.0 was released it was planed to discontinue the Skype 7 ("Skype Classic") support per 1 th September …May 5, 2018 · Hi Chris, To complete uninstall Skype for Business and remove it from registry, please follow these steps. 1. Sign-out Skype for Business> click Delete my sign-in info. 2. Exit Skype for Business> navigate to C:\Users\<UserName>AppData\Local\Microsoft\Office\16.0\Lync , here you’ll see … Skype for Business lets you connect with co-workers or business partners in your company or around the world. Start conversations with IM, voice, or video calls. See when your contacts are available online, in a meeting, or presenting. Set industrial-strength security for meetings. Broadcast online to a large audience. Sep 25, 2020 · This week, at Ignite, we announced that the next version of Skype for Business (SfB) Server will be available in the second half of 2021, and will only be available with the purchase of a subscription license. Subscription entitles access to support, product updates, bug and security fixes. We will share additional details around the official ...Nov 14, 2017 · Hi, Question of a newbie : Skype for Enterprise vs. Skype for Business, what are the differences ? Thanks · Hi WLID1966, For SFB standard edition and enterprise edition, the function of the two edition are the same, the big difference is that the standard edition is not supported for high availability. For SFB standard edition: 1. It’s all in one ...Aug 18, 2017 · Skype has by now gained ubiquity as perhaps the best-known VoIP and video calling service. After purchasing Skype in 2011, Microsoft rebranded its business telephony package Lync as ‘Skype for Business’, promising enterprise-grade communications solutions as part of the Office 365 package. Oct 10, 2023 · At the command prompt, type the following command: Stop-CsWindowsService. Stop the World Wide Web service. At the command prompt, type the following: net stop w3svc. Close all Skype for Business Server Management Shell windows. Run the Server Update Installer, and then select Install Updates to upgrade the server role.The 70-333: Deploying Enterprise Voice with Skype for Business 2015 exam is one of the two Skype for Business 2015 exams required to get your Microsoft Certified Solutions Expert (MCSE) Productivity Certification. This 70-333 study guide was created to help you find materials to study, and ace the exam. I will share both free and paid options ...16 Mar 2015 ... Share your videos with friends, family, and the world.Deploy Skype for Business Server; Install Skype for Business Server; Upgrade to Skype for Business Server; Deploy Enterprise Voice; Configure your on-premises deployment for Skype Meeting Broadcast; How-To Guide Manage Skype for Business ServerCheck your version number. After you sign into https://preview.web.skype.com, select the More menu next to your profile picture and select Help and feedback. The latest version of Skype for Web (Preview) is version 8.x.Using a browser, navigate to the address displayed on the phone and enter your Skype for Business username. Enter the code shown on the phone. Verify that the site shows " [Phone Manufacturer name] Skype for Business Certified Phone ," and click Continue. Click the user's credentials or click Use another account:Feedback. The Skype for Business Server Management Shell provides the command line interface for server administration and management. It is built on Windows PowerShell and includes a comprehensive set of management and administration cmdlets that are specific to Skype and legacy Lync server products. Windows PowerShell allows … Skype for Business makes it easy to connect and collaborate with coworkers and business partners around the world: Start instant message conversations and voice or video calls. See when your contacts are available online. Schedule and join meetings. Present your screen during meetings, or give control to others. README.md. If you're reading this, you probably want the newer SkypeWeb plugin from here. Skype Plugin for Pidgin, libpurple and more. Contribute to EionRobb/skype4pidgin development by creating an account on GitHub.30 Apr 2018 ... This is a basic video tutorial showing how set up Skype for Business through using your W.D. credentials.Jan 24, 2023 · For guidance on branch site planning for voice, see Plan for Enterprise Voice resiliency in Skype for Business Server. For interactions with an IP-PBX, if the IP-PBX does not correctly support early media interactions with multiple early dialogs and RFC 3960 interactions, there can be clipping of the first few words of the greeting for incoming ...3 Apr 2020 ... Execute your defined Skype for Business to Microsoft Teams upgrade approach as part of your formal upgrade plan.Mar 1, 2023 · Office LTSC 2021 is available for enterprise admins to download and deploy to the users in their organization. The following volume licensed Office products are available for devices running Windows: Office LTSC Professional Plus 2021. Office LTSC Standard 2021. Project Professional 2021. Project Standard 2021. Meet with anyone, anywhere. Host meetings (1:1, team, and live events for up to 10,000 people) with consistent experiences across platforms. Get scheduling assistance, note taking, desktop sharing, file uploading, chat, and more. 24 Mar 2020 ... Why pay for Zoom, Go To Meeting, or Join.me? During this COVID-19 lockdown, many businesses that are still open have found it necessary to ...Jan 23, 2023 · After you have configured basic Enterprise Voice functionality for your organization, you can optionally deploy one or more advanced Enterprise Voice features by following the procedures in this section. Plan for media bypass in Skype for Business. Plan for call admission control in Skype for Business ServerAt the command prompt, type the following command: Stop-CsWindowsService. Stop the World Wide Web service. At the command prompt, type the following: net stop w3svc. Close all Skype for Business Server Management Shell windows. Run the Server Update Installer, and then select Install Updates to upgrade the server role.eG Enterprise is an end-to-end IT performance monitoring and management software from eG Innovations. With purpose-built monitoring models for over 200+ applications and infrastructure devices and platforms, eG Enterprise delivers unified monitoring across physical, virtual, cloud, and container environments. Get a single-pane-of-glass solution ...12 Nov 2017 ... There is only one right method to present a video in a Skype for Business meeting. I'll show you how. If you don't do it this way you can ...Microsoft 365 Apps for enterprise. Get always up-to-date Microsoft 365 apps such as Word, Excel, PowerPoint, and Outlook. Install apps on up to five PCs, five tablets, and five mobile devices. Store and share files with 1 TB of OneDrive cloud storage. Have peace of mind knowing you’re secure and compliant. Access FastTrack assistance. Beginning in August, Microsoft will provide an assisted upgrade process to help you move any remaining Skype for Business Online users to Teams Only. Teams is available in most Microsoft 365 Business and Enterprise plans, and your existing licensing investments carry forward to Teams. Summary: Explore these links to learn how to install and configure Skype for Business Server 2019 and Migrate from earlier versions. Skype for Business Server offers instant messaging (IM), presence, conferencing, video, and telephony solutions that can support enterprise-level collaboration requirements. Aug 18, 2017 · Skype has by now gained ubiquity as perhaps the best-known VoIP and video calling service. After purchasing Skype in 2011, Microsoft rebranded its business telephony package Lync as ‘Skype for Business’, promising enterprise-grade communications solutions as part of the Office 365 package. If you don't see the option to install Skype for Business in Microsoft 365, there are two possible reasons why: Your business is using Microsoft 365 Apps for enterprise. With …Skype for Business Server comes in two different versions: an evaluation version (which will eventually expire) and a fully-licensed version. The Get-CsServerVersion cmdlet provides a way for administrators to determine which version of Skype for Business Server is running on a computer. The Get-CsServerVersion cmdlet, which is designed to run only on the …
Jun 30, 2022 · The retirement of Skype for Business Online does not affect support for on-premises deployments of Skype for Business Server and Lync Server 2013. However, hybrid customers with a mix of users homed online and on-premises must upgrade any online users to be TeamsOnly. Any online users must be assigned TeamsOnly mode using …. Tyler perry temptation full movie
18 Sept 2018 ... The BETA for Skype for Business Server 2019 has been out for a while - in this video I do a quick run through of how to build one.Here's an overview of the steps to set up Skype Meeting Broadcast: Assign or remove licenses for Office 365 for business: Assign Skype for Business Online or Enterprise Plan licenses to everyone who is going to host a Broadcast meeting. Enable Skype Meeting Broadcast: By default, this feature isn't enabled.Dec 11, 2019 · Recently Microsoft announced that Skype for Business Online will be retired on July 31, 2021. Skype for Business Online is a Unified Communication as a Service (UCaaS) application that is part of Microsoft 365. ... To learn more about securing enterprise VoIP and unified communications (UC) networks, read about Oracle Enterprise Session …Apr 30, 2021 · Microsoft warned customers with Skype for Business Online two years ago that the service would reach end of life on July 31, 2021, at which point customers would need to move to Microsoft Teams ...Apr 4, 2018 · Teams delivers chat-based collaboration, meetings, calling, and enterprise voice features as we’re bringing all the Skype for Business Online capabilities into Teams. To enable admins to better manage the various aspects of the service, we have started to roll out a new Microsoft Teams & Skype for Business Admin Center. Jan 24, 2023 · In the table, click the Skype for Business Online user account that you want to enable for Enterprise Voice. On the Edit menu, click Show Details. Under Telephony, click Enterprise Voice. Click Line URI, and type a unique, normalized phone number (for example, tel:+14255550200 ). Then click Commit. Jan 23, 2023 · The Skype for Business 2019 client uses Click-to-Run installers. The topics in this section describe how to use and customize the Windows Installer to deploy the Skype for Business client to your users through your normal procedures. The Skype Meeting Add-in for Microsoft Office, which supports meeting management from within the Outlook ...Skype is a well-known chatting platform that’s gained a strong foothold in the video-call industry, having been in the game since 2003. Although many people view Skype as one of th...In today’s fast-paced business environment, organizations face a wide range of risks that can impact their operations and bottom line. To effectively mitigate these risks, it is cr...Des outils de collaboration efficaces et économiques pour les entreprises de toute taille. Collaborez avec qui vous voulez, partout, à partir de n’importe quel appareil.Aug 14, 2023 ... On the installation tab, under "Apps for Windows and mobile devices"... [X] Office (includes Skype for Business). [ ] ...Aug 14, 2023 ... On the installation tab, under "Apps for Windows and mobile devices"... [X] Office (includes Skype for Business). [ ] ...Aug 16, 2020 · Take baseline measurements of existing usage prior to deploying Skype for Business. Assess whether the test environment is scalable to test larger or more complex deployments. Record the existing systems (e.g. ticketing, monitoring, etc) that will need to be updated or reconfigured for Skype for Business.This issue occurs because the Microsoft 365 Apps for enterprise and Office 365 E3 subscriptions don't include entitlement for the Skype for Business product that's currently offered from the Skype for Business tab. This issue doesn't occur when Microsoft Lync 2013 or Skype for Business 2015 is installed from the Skype for Business tab. Summary: Explore these links to learn how to install and configure Skype for Business Server 2019 and Migrate from earlier versions. Skype for Business Server offers instant messaging (IM), presence, conferencing, video, and telephony solutions that can support enterprise-level collaboration requirements. Jan 24, 2023 · The possible valid value types are as follows: Undefined: IM and Presence Service (Live Communications Server 2005 and 2003) 1: IM and Presence Service (Skype for Business Server) 2: IM and Presence and Meeting Service (Skype for Business Server) New in Office Communications Server 2007. msRTCSIP-PoolType Services that integrate with Skype for Business Online will not be supported beyond the July 31, 2021 retirement. This includes support for third-party audio conferencing providers (ACP), Skype for Business Online Cloud Connector Edition (CCE), hybrid voice configurations, and Skype Meeting Broadcast. Customers will not be able to move online ...The following instructions are for customers who have standalone versions of Skype for Business. Go to Control Panel > Programs > Programs and Features > Uninstall or change a program. Choose Skype for Business > Uninstall. If you don't see Skype for Business listed, then you're using a version that's integrated with other Microsoft 365 apps. Designed, built, and maintained the Skype for Business 2015 Unified Communications Platform within production to support 40,000 users, which also included the LAB/POC. The solution includes instant messaging; desktop, room and mobile video conferencing; web conferencing; telephony endpoints and infrastructure; audio-visual infrastructure; white ... .