More ways to clear suspended car registration There are a few ways to reinstate registration in California. Just like you got the notice by mail, you can respond by mail too. If you held on to the DMV’s notice, simply send back the stub, proof of car insurance and pay the reinstatement fee. Mail to DMV, PO BOX …Vehicle registration documents show that the DMV allows drivers to operate the vehicle throughout the state. To obtain car registration in California, car owners must complete a smog inspection (if applicable), an Application for Title or Registration (REG Form 343), present the vehicle’s title and pay all applicable car …Once you officially establish residency in California, you will have 20 days to register your vehicle with the DMV to avoid late fees. To be sure you get your registration taken care of in a timely manner, you can book your appointment with the DMV before moving through their online appointment system. To register, …This means customers will pay a fee of $10 for a two-year and $25 for a five-year vehicle registration. For more information regarding the fee for local use, refer to the Fee for Local Use – Participating Counties Fact Sheet (PDF). Optional Two-Year Registration Renewal.For faster processing, customers should check eligibility and use the online vehicle registration renewal system if eligible. When processing your renewal through this assisted process, or placing your commercial vehicle on partial year registration (PYR), gather the following documents: Current vehicle registration renewal notice.Division of Motor Vehicles (DMV) 4001 Ingra Street, Suite 101 Anchorage, AK 99503-3696 Anchorage Area: 269-5551 Toll-Free in Alaska: (855)269-5551Some DMV matters involve unique cases and situations, such as registering vehicles no longer in the DMV system, handling a deceased person’s DMV matters, converting non-transferable registrations, and more. Registering in Special Circumstances. If you need to register a vehicle for use on California roadways, waterways, or trailways, you’ve ...In other words, each time you are ticketed for driving with expired registration stickers (tags) in California, the penalties will be compounded, leading to hundreds (perhaps thousands) of dollars in fines. If you continue driving with expired tags for over 6 months, your vehicle can be impounded under California Vehicle Code § …Pay it online on the DMV’s website – The DMV will give you the option to both renew your registration and also post the $23 non-op fee.; Visit your local DMV – You can walk into the DMV and pay this fee.You will need to bring cash, check or a debit card to pay this, and you must also come with the REG 102 form (this is a 2 part form, …A shelf registration is the filing with the SEC for a security offering that is released to the public market incrementally over a period of time. A shelf registration is the filin...By Phone. You can renew your CA registration over the phone provided that: You have your vehicle registration renewal notice. Your registration renewal notice shows the correct address. You have no unpaid delinquency or ticket fees. If both of the above are true, call the DMV at (800) 777-0133.When you purchase your car from a private party, you have 10 days to transfer ownership to yourself. The vehicle seller must report the transfer to the DMV within 5 days of the sale. To register a vehicle for the first time, you must provide: The Certificate of Title*, signed by the vehicle’s seller. If the vehicle is less than 10 years old ...$15,000 for the death or injury of one person. $30,000 for the deaths and/or injuries of more than one person. Before processing your CA vehicle …DMV REGISTRATION SERVICES. (818) 446-6443. Vehicle Registration Fee Calculator. The Vehicle Registration Fee Calculator allows current and new residents of California to calculate an estimate of their vehicle registration fees, determine Vehicle License Fees (VLF) paid for tax purposes, and calculate fees for registration renewal and used ...To request a registration notice, however, send a message or call NCDMV at (919) 715-7000. In addition to paying online, renewals can be made at an NCDMV license plate agency. The vehicle’s license plate number and insurance information are required. If a vehicle fails to pass an emissions inspection, its owner may obtain …Vehicle Registration & Licensing Fee Calculators. This online service allows customers to calculate estimates of various registration and licensing fees. Calculate my fees. To register your vehicle/vessel, you will always need: If the vehicle is new, a completed Application for Title or Registration (REG 343) form. If the vehicle is used, the California Certificate of Title (or an out-of-state title, if the car is currently registered in another state). If the title has been lost or damaged, complete an ... The car registration renewal cost depends on your vehicle type, purchase price, county or city you live in, purchase date, and any violations like unpaid parking or toll evasion. Fee Type Cost: Registration – $46. California Highway Patrol – $28. Vehicle License – 0.65% of the vehicle’s value. County Fees – $7 – $47. Smog … 2. Get your license plates. If you go to an office, you'll get them right away. If you submit your application by mail, it may take up to 3 weeks from the date we get your application. 3. Set up a License eXpress account. Once you've registered your vehicle (s), you can add them to your License eXpress account. However, you may need higher liability insurance to protect yourself against the costs of a major accident. The average cost of minimum liability insurance in California is $570. Increasing your bodily injury liability coverage to $300,000 will raise the average premium to $937. 3.Vehicle Registration Operations Department of Motor Vehicles P.O. Box 942869 Sacramento, CA 94269. You may not have to visit the DMV, but you’ll need to plan a trip to the post office, which is a bit of a hassle. Car Registration Renewal By Phone. To renew your registration over the phone, provide the following: Your vehicle …In California, the average vehicle registration fee stands at roughly $62, alongside a $50 license plate fee, a $20 smog transfer fee, and $2.50 in taxes. Expect extra charges like the “registration surcharge” in certain counties, potentially raising the total to …Automobile owners in the United States must procure a copy of their vehicle registration if the original is lost or stolen. Driving an unregistered vehicle carries significant pena... Florida follows with a new vehicle registration fee of $225. This is a one-time fee, and there are separate additional fees based on the vehicle's weight. Registration fees following the first fee are $14.50-$32.50. Arizona has the lowest registration fee of $8, but the state adds a $32 public safety fee. Below is a table of each state’s ... California Vehicle Code Book Order Form: $6: Special Certification Application Fees. Certificate Application Fee; Ambulance Driver: Original: $25: Original with fingerprints: $67 ... This may delay receipt of your registration card and sticker. Over the Phone. Credit card (Visa, MasterCard, American Express, Discover) Debit card (Visa or ... Percentage of vehicle license fee and weight fee Registration late fee CHP late fee; 1 – 10 days* – 10% of the vehicle license fee due for that year. – 10% of the weight fee due for that year (if any). $10.00: $10.00: 11 – 30 days* – 20% of the vehicle license fee due for that year. – 20% of the weight fee due for that year (if any ... Handling it over the phone. If you would rather call to handle this process, then here are the steps that you will need to take. Call 800-921-1117. Have the VIN of your car handy. Have your auto insurance on file with the DMV. Pay what you owe in registration renewal fees. Your annual vehicle registration payment consists of various fees that apply to your vehicle. The Vehicle License Fee is the portion that may be an income tax deduction and is what is displayed. Your renewal notice and registration card itemize these fees in the following categories: Registration Fee; Vehicle License Fee (may be an income tax ... Mar 9, 2021 · In this guide, we’ll take you through a comprehensive overview of California Car Registration Fees for 2024, what vehicle registration really is, why you need it, and how to go about registering a car in California. So grab a coffee or your beverage of choice (and perhaps a notepad), and let’s dive right in… Registering a Car in California You do not have to maintain a registration or liability insurance if your vehicle is in storage or otherwise not being driven on public streets. You must surrender the license plates if you drop the liability insurance for any reason. Laws. NRS 482.103 - Resident Defined; NRS 482.205 - 482.210 - Registration Required and ExemptionsNew Registration. If you need to register a vehicle for use on California roadways, waterways, or trailways, you’ve come to the right place to find out all you need to know. Learn about new vehicle registrations.Download Article. 1. Get a copy of the most recent out-of-state title and registration. This is the most basic paperwork that establishes you own the car that you want to register in California. If you're leasing or still making payments, you probably don't have the title, but the most recent registration is fine.Chapter 3 Collection and Payment of Fees and Penalties 3.075 Vehicle License Fee (VLF) (CR&TC §§10751-10753) The VLF is collected upon original registration and registration renewal for automobiles, motorcycles, trailer coaches, park trailers, and commercial vehicles. VLF for fees due: The VLF is subject to a penalty based on the date the fee …Complete and sign the Application for Vehicle Registration (VP 222) form and any other applicable forms. Prepare the appropriate application fee. Submit the application online at the DMV web portal or take the material to your nearest DMV office to submit in-person.Jun 20, 2022 ... My annual registration just arrived in the mail and it's over $600. Yes this is California but I noticed the vehicle classification was UT ...You need a valid California DL to operate a motor vehicle in California. Learn more about the types of DL and ID cards available, and how to apply. ... More Vehicle Registration. A vehicle must be registered in California if it is based in California or is primarily used on California highways (CVC §4000.4). Register your vehicle REAL ID.1. Provide Proof Of Ownership With A Title. You'll have to prove that you are the owner of the vehicle before you register the car in the state of California. Make sure the title is in your name or transferred to your name on the title. Hold onto the bill of sale if you are transferring ownership, this is helpful to the DMV when registering ...As of May 2018, the range for vehicle registration costs in the 45 states with a fixed cost was between $8 and $225. The cost for a title in those states ranged from $3 to $100. ... California: 58.00: 25.00: Colorado: 0.00: 0.00: Registration fees are based upon the age and weight of the vehicle. Connecticut: 80.00: 25.00: Delaware: 40.00: 20. ...When registering a car for the first time in California, you must pay the following fees: Registration fee: $58; California Highway Patrol (CHP) fee: $25; Transportation Improvement Fee (TIF): You’ll pay …No matter what state you live in, cars registration must occur before the temporary license plate expires on a new vehicle, or as soon as you buy a used vehicle. Therefore, it’s cr...May 26, 2022 ... The starting fine is actually just $25, but there are many surcharges, like a tax multiplier that takes the price of the ticket into the $200 ...Weber is a well-known brand in the world of barbecues, and their products are highly regarded for their quality and durability. If you’ve recently purchased a Weber BBQ, you might ...25.055 Temporary Operating Permit (TOP) (REG 19F) (CVC §4156) The TOP is a two-part form with a validating sticker (REG 19S), which is issued for the following limited and specific instances to operate a vehicle when all registration fees have been paid and license plates and/or stickers have not been issued.To summarize, as per California’s motor vehicle act, you can drive your car for a maximum of 6 months past its expiry. If you keep driving the car for over six months, you can invite serious charges for violating California Vehicle Code 5204 (a). For the amount, you can refer to the above breakdown and corresponding amounts.Some triathletes are protesting a $300 registration fee increase for the Escape from Alcatraz Triathlon in San Francisco. By clicking "TRY IT", I agree to receive newsletters and p...Download the request form and send it in through the mail or follow the prompts through the online portal. If you have any further questions about your replacement vehicle registration, give the California DMV a call at 1-800-777-0133 or make an appointment to visit your local DMV office.This means customers will pay a fee of $10 for a two-year and $25 for a five-year vehicle registration. For more information regarding the fee for local use, refer to the Fee for Local Use – Participating Counties Fact Sheet (PDF). Optional Two-Year Registration Renewal.Advertisement After triage, the next stop is registration - not very exciting and rarely seen on TV. Here they obtain your vital statistics. You may also provide them with your ins...Even if you pay your registration fees, if your vehicle does not meet other requirements (like smog certification or outstanding parking tickets), your registration will not be renewed. ... According to the law, any minor who does not have a valid driver’s license cannot order, buy, lease, or receive any vehicle as a gift. (California Vehicle ...In California, you’ll likely pay the vehicle registration fee, plus a California Highway Patrol (CHP) fee, vehicle license fee, county fee, as well transportation improvement fee. If you’re …A shelf registration is the filing with the SEC for a security offering that is released to the public market incrementally over a period of time. A shelf registration is the filin...Digital License Plate Fees. In California, a battery-powered digital plate costs $19.95 per month. A hard-wired digital license plate costs $24.95 per month. California drivers can now get a digital license plate, also called an ELP (electronic license plate). With the adoption of AB-984, all California vehicle owners are allowed to …In California, the Honda CR-V and Subaru Forester and Crosstrek are among the cheapest vehicles for car insurance, based on average rates for 50 …If you’re short on time, here’s the quick take: California’s vehicle registration fee consists of a basic registration fee, a CHP fee, and a vehicle …To register your OHV, you will need: An Application for Title or Registration (REG 343) form. The manufacturer’s certificate or statement of origin. An original or certified copy of the factory invoice to the non-California licensed dealer. Out-of-state titling documents. Bills of sale to establish a complete chain of ownership to you. Percentage of vehicle license fee and weight fee Registration late fee CHP late fee; 1 – 10 days* – 10% of the vehicle license fee due for that year. – 10% of the weight fee due for that year (if any). $10.00: $10.00: 11 – 30 days* – 20% of the vehicle license fee due for that year. – 20% of the weight fee due for that year (if any ... A title fee is $21 when you purchase a vehicle in California. A registration fee can range from $15 to $500 after you purchase a vehicle in California, but you need to pay the fee within 30 days ... Your annual vehicle registration payment consists of various fees that apply to your vehicle. The Vehicle License Fee is the portion that may be an income tax deduction and is what is displayed. Your renewal notice and registration card itemize these fees in the following categories: Registration Fee; Vehicle License Fee (may be an income tax ... Present proof of ownership and a smog certificate. Provide proof of your ID and car insurance. Complete an Application for Title or Registration (Form REG 343). Pay the $74 registration fee, $32 CHP fee, Transportation Improvement fee , title fees, and taxes. For more details, please see below. Download Article. 1. Get a copy of the most recent out-of-state title and registration. This is the most basic paperwork that establishes you own the car that you want to register in California. If you're leasing or still making payments, you probably don't have the title, but the most recent registration is fine.However, you may need higher liability insurance to protect yourself against the costs of a major accident. The average cost of minimum liability insurance in California is $570. Increasing your bodily injury liability coverage to $300,000 will raise the average premium to $937. 3. If you bought your vehicle through a private party, there's a 10-day window to register your vehicle. To do this, make sure you visit your closest Department of Motor Vehicles office or field office and either schedule an appointment online at the DMV website or call (800) 777-0133. At the DMV office: Renewal Fees. Enter 2-7 characters. Do not use blank spaces. Leave out special characters when entering a plate number. For Kids Plates, please leave out any symbols. For Vessels, the CF must be left out as part of the number. Enter the last 5 digits of the vehicle identification number (VIN) or vessel hull identification number (HIN). Percentage of vehicle license fee and weight fee. Registration late fee. CHP late fee. 1 – 10 days*. – 10% of the vehicle license fee due for that year. – 10% of the weight fee due for that year (if any). $10.00. $10.00. 11 – 30 days*. To renew your vehicle registration online and for more information, go to Honolulu’s Online Vehicle Registration Renewal System. A new registration certificate and license plate emblem will be mailed within 10 working days. Mail Renew by mail with check or money order made payable to “City and County of Honolulu.” Follow instructions on ...A Statement of Facts (REG 256) form, in case you do not have a copy of the bill of sale. You can register your boat/vessel at any DMV field office, or mail your registration application and related documents to: Department of Motor Vehicles. PO Box 942869. Sacramento, CA 94269-0001.In California, you can’t change your address while applying for a replacement registration. But you can submit a change of address online first, using the DMV 14 Form online The Golden State charges a $23 fee to replace a lost registration card and sticker whether you go in person to replace the …In lieu of California registration, you can get a one trip permit (for a fee) to move a vehicle: California Vehicle Code (CVC) §4003. When unladen, for one continuous trip from a place within California to a place in or outside California or from outside California to a place in California (by the most direct route).Registration advice to help you avoid a painful DMV experienceAll U.S. states require that you have a valid vehicle registration in order to drive legally. Typically, you're also required to carry the registration card in your vehicle. ... California: 1-800-777-0133; Texas: 1-888-368-4689; Florida: 1-850-617-2000; …This question is about Cheap Car Insurance in California @mckayla_girardin • 09/29/22 This answer was first published on 04/27/22 and it was last updated on 09/29/22.For the most c...Getting a new car is an exciting time, but there’s a lot of paperwork to do before taking your car out on the road. Every state requires that all cars, trucks and other vehicles ha...Vehicle registration documents show that the DMV allows drivers to operate the vehicle throughout the state. To obtain car registration in California, car owners must complete a smog inspection (if applicable), an Application for Title or Registration (REG Form 343), present the vehicle’s title and pay all applicable car … Valid ID. You will have to pay a visit to your nearest CA DMV office in order to submit these requirements. Registering A Privately-Bought Vehicle. If you purchased your vehicle from a private party, you’ll have to register it within 10 days. Past that and you’ll have to pay penalty fees. Here are the documents you need to submit to the DMV: Your vehicle does not need a smog inspection if your: Gasoline-powered vehicle is a 1975 year model or older (This includes motorcycles and trailers.) Diesel-powered vehicle is a 1997 and older year model OR with a Gross Vehicle Weight of more than 14,000 pounds. Powered by natural gas and weighs more than 14,000 pounds. Renewal Fees. Enter 2-7 characters. Do not use blank spaces. Leave out special characters when entering a plate number. For Kids Plates, please leave out any symbols. For Vessels, the CF must be left out as part of the number. Enter the last 5 digits of the vehicle identification number (VIN) or vessel hull identification number (HIN).In today’s digital age, traditional processes are being transformed by technology, making tasks more efficient and convenient. One area that has seen significant improvements is ve...Some DMV matters involve unique cases and situations, such as registering vehicles no longer in the DMV system, handling a deceased person’s DMV matters, converting non-transferable registrations, and more. Registering in Special Circumstances. If you need to register a vehicle for use on California roadways, waterways, or trailways, you’ve ...Getting a website domain is key to building your brand presence online--complete your business domain name registration in 3 simple steps! Marketing | How To REVIEWED BY: Elizabeth...Waiver of Penalties on Vehicles Sold at Wholesale Auction (VC §9561.5) DMV shall waive any penalties due for late payment of registration renewal fees on a vehicle if all of the following criteria are met: The vehicle is sold through a dealer conducting a wholesale motor vehicle auction as provided in VC §4456 (b). Percentage of vehicle license fee and weight fee. Registration late fee. CHP late fee. 1 – 10 days*. – 10% of the vehicle license fee due for that year. – 10% of the weight fee due for that year (if any). $10.00. $10.00. 11 – 30 days*. The vehicle’s owner provided false proof of insurance to obtain the registration. Reinstating Your Vehicle Registration. There are a few different ways to send us your proof of insurance and $14 reinstatement fee in order to reinstate your vehicle registration. Note that a DMV office or call center can’t clear a registration suspension.Vehicle Registration Operations Department of Motor Vehicles P.O. Box 942869 Sacramento, CA 94269. You may not have to visit the DMV, but you’ll need to plan a trip to the post office, which is a bit of a hassle. Car Registration Renewal By Phone. To renew your registration over the phone, provide the following: Your vehicle … License Plate Sizes. Automobile, commercial, and trailer license plates are 12″ x 6″. Motorcycle license plates 7″ x 4″ (plates issued prior to July 1, 1970, are 8″ x 5″). Identification plates issued to vehicles not bearing automobile, commercial, trailer, or motorcycle plates are 7″ x 4″ (plates issued prior to January 1, 1981 ... License Plate Sizes. Automobile, commercial, and trailer license plates are 12″ x 6″. Motorcycle license plates 7″ x 4″ (plates issued prior to July 1, 1970, are 8″ x 5″). Identification plates issued to vehicles not bearing automobile, commercial, trailer, or motorcycle plates are 7″ x 4″ (plates issued prior to January 1, 1981 ... By Phone. You can renew your CA registration over the phone provided that: You have your vehicle registration renewal notice. Your registration renewal notice shows the correct address. You have no unpaid delinquency or ticket fees. If both of the above are true, call the DMV at (800) 777-0133. California has long been at the forefront of environmental regulations, and when it comes to emissions standards for vehicles, the state has some of the strictest regulations in th...There are different factors to consider when making plans to register your car. Firstly, here’s a breakdown of the fees you may have to pay. Ø California Highway Patrol Fee: $23.00. Ø Registration Fee: $46.00. Ø Vehicle License Fee: 0.65% vehicle’s value. When registering your car, you may have to pay the …Here are the types of acceptable insurance: Motor vehicle liability insurance policy. Cash deposit of $35,000 with DMV. DMV-issued self-insurance certificate. Surety bond for $35,000 from a company licensed to do business in California. For information regarding cash deposits or self-insurance, contact DMV Financial …The fees affect vehicle registration, transfers, and renewals. Vehicle weight fees : $8 to $360 for vehicles with no more than 2 axles This is a fee based on the weight of a commercial vehicle.
Jun 11, 2018 ... ... registration discount on your car registration fee's if you are stationed in California ... cost to the the vehicle registration in California.. Best place to buy silver
How Big is the DMV? Source: DMV transaction data across all service channels. Last updated January 1, 2024. Where Does the Money Go? *Source: 2023-2024 Governor’s Budget. Fees are subject to law changes. California Vehicle Code, California Harbors and Navigation Code, California Civil Code, California Government Code, …Advertisement After triage, the next stop is registration - not very exciting and rarely seen on TV. Here they obtain your vital statistics. You may also provide them with your ins...Mar 6, 2020 · The following list outlines the standard CA vehicle registration fees that you may be required to pay: $58 main registration fee, which includes a $3 alternative fuel fee. $25 California Highway Patrol fee. Various county or district fees ranging from $1 to $19. A varying vehicle license fee, in lieu of property taxes. Your annual registration renewal is a great time to compare motorcycle insurance quotes and check for cheaper rates. How much does it cost to register a motorcycle in California? The fees for California motorcycle registration are as follows: Motorcycle registration fee: $61; Highway patrol fee: $28; Vehicle License Fee: …In California, you can’t change your address while applying for a replacement registration. But you can submit a change of address online first, using the DMV 14 Form online The Golden State charges a $23 fee to replace a lost registration card and sticker whether you go in person to replace the …California’s Registration Laws. Driving without registration tags is a violation of the California Vehicle Code § 5204(a). If you are cited, you will incur a $25 base fine and a penalty assessment, which might include a state tax multiplier of 4-9 times the base amount.Jun 11, 2018 ... ... registration discount on your car registration fee's if you are stationed in California ... cost to the the vehicle registration in California. License Plate Sizes. Automobile, commercial, and trailer license plates are 12″ x 6″. Motorcycle license plates 7″ x 4″ (plates issued prior to July 1, 1970, are 8″ x 5″). Identification plates issued to vehicles not bearing automobile, commercial, trailer, or motorcycle plates are 7″ x 4″ (plates issued prior to January 1, 1981 ... See full list on dmv.ca.gov For help, you can: Review your state’s car registration requirements. Often, registration fees – or, at least, the factors that go into determining them – are included. Look at the registration application form. Generally, these forms outline what you have to pay, and why. Contact your DMV or state motor vehicle …State of California. Home. You are currently signed into this application. Menu. Shopping Cart Login Translate ... Vehicle Registration Fee Calculator Home … Calculate My Fees Fee Calculator Required * New Vehicle Fees Vehicle Information Type of Vehicle * More about vehicles types ...Mar 6, 2020 · The following list outlines the standard CA vehicle registration fees that you may be required to pay: $58 main registration fee, which includes a $3 alternative fuel fee. $25 California Highway Patrol fee. Various county or district fees ranging from $1 to $19. A varying vehicle license fee, in lieu of property taxes. Renew Online. FLHSMV offers a quick, convenient way to renew a vehicle or vessel registration online at MyDMV Portal. The following motor vehicle services are offered through MyDMV Portal: One or two-year registration renewals for motor vehicles. One or two-year registration renewals for vessels. Obtain a duplicate …Best 1 Auto Registration. DMV Partner. ClosedOpens 9:00 am. 1590 CONTINENTAL ST STE 219, SAN DIEGO, CA 92154.More ways to clear suspended car registration There are a few ways to reinstate registration in California. Just like you got the notice by mail, you can respond by mail too. If you held on to the DMV’s notice, simply send back the stub, proof of car insurance and pay the reinstatement fee. Mail to DMV, PO BOX …This fee VLF is calculated based off of the purchase price of a vehicle, or its value (according to the State). I don't remember the exact ...The current standard California license plate is white with dark blue lettering. Of course, license plate designs are subject to change. Vehicles registered in California must display valid license plates as evidence of current registration: 1 plate on the front of the car. 1 plate on the back of the car.A lot of times you will get a tax break for more energy efficient vehicles, so keep that in mind when looking. You will enter the date and type of car you purchased, followed by the purchase price, the city, county and zip code where you live. The site will then tell you what taxes you will have to pay. Add up all the figures you have from ...Vehicle Registration Operations Department of Motor Vehicles P.O. Box 942869 Sacramento, CA 94269. You may not have to visit the DMV, but you’ll need to plan a trip to the post office, which is a bit of a hassle. Car Registration Renewal By Phone. To renew your registration over the phone, provide the following: Your vehicle …According to the Sales Tax Handbook, the California sales tax for vehicles is 7.5 percent. Of this, 1.25 percent goes to the applicable county government. Districts, cities, and other local ...Getting a website domain is key to building your brand presence online--complete your business domain name registration in 3 simple steps! Marketing | How To REVIEWED BY: Elizabeth....